Giant cell peripheral granuloma: post-surgical recurrence. Literature review and clinical case report

Resumen

Giant cell peripheral granuloma is defined as a non-neoplastic soft-tissue lesion caused by a hyperplastic reaction resulting from trauma or local infl ammation. Clinically it can be observed as an asymptomatic nodule, generally exhibiting a reddish-bluish hue and variable diameter. It frequently affects marginal gingival tissue. Histologically, it is characterized by the proliferation of mononucleated and multi-nucleated giant cells. In general, treatment consists of surgical extirpation and curettage of affected bone walls. Recurrence is a distinct possibility. In the present paper, a scientifi c literature review is presented along with the presentation of a clinical case of a 14 year old patient diagnosed with Giant cell peripheral granuloma: the lesion was surgically removed using an electric scalpel. The lesion recurred 4 weeks after surgery. Epidemiology of the case was reviewed, along with its clinical, radiographic and histological characteristics. Available therapeutic options and protocols were equally reviewed as well as issues related to differential diagnosis of hyperplastic reactive lesions of the periodontal complex. Priority was given to the causes of the lesion’s recurrence.