Impact of modern lifestyles on the prevalence of obesity

Abstract

Obesity affects all social strata, with greater intensity in urban areas and among people with lower levels of education. Despite government efforts, political and economic challenges hinder the implementation of effective health policies. Urbanization has changed lifestyles, increasing access to processed foods and food insecurity. Culturally, the Mexican diet, rich in calories and fats, together with modernization, aggravates the situation. Obesity is related to a high-calorie diet and a sedentary lifestyle, exacerbated by stress and lack of sleep. Factors such as economics, food culture, urban policies, and the built environment influence associated behaviors. In addition, ecosystem services such as access to healthy foods and spaces for physical activity are essential for its prevention. This article proposes a theoretical framework for understanding obesity in Mexico City from a comprehensive perspective, encompassing social, political, economic, and cultural factors. The proposed approach is comprehensive, promoting healthy lifestyles, improving access to nutritious food, and encouraging physical activity, considering the interrelationships between social, economic, cultural, and ecological factors.