Características bucodentales de niños VIH+/SIDA sobrevivientes de largo tiempo

Abstract

HIV+/AIDS perinatally infected children show two patterns of progression: rapid progressors (early development of AIDS, survival ≤ 2 years) and slow progressors (delayed development of AIDS, survival ≥ 3 years). In this last group it has been identified a subpopulation: long term survivors (delayed clinical manifestations and greater survival). The oral and dental characteristics of this subpopulation are unknown. Objective: To describe the oral and dental characteristics of HIV+/AIDS long term survivors children. Material and methods: 56 children HIV+/AIDS (Immunodeficiency Clinic, Medicine Faculty, UNAM) were orally examined. According to their age, they were divided in: Slow progressors (3-8 years). This group was subdivided in pre-teenagers (of 8-12 years) and teenagers (13 years). The DMFT/dmft and the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index were established, following the criteria proposed by the WHO. The prevalence of oral lesions associated to HIV (OL-HIV) was also established (diagnosis criteria: EC Clearinghouse CDC-WHO), the chi square test was made, (95% of confidence) (p < 0.05). Results: Slow progressors (31 patients): OL-HIV = 22.5%, DFT/dft 5.15 ± 5.9, OHI 1.2 ± 0.4; Long term survivors (25 patients); OL-HIV 28%, DFT/dft 5.46 ± 5.3, OHI 1.1 ± 1.9. Pre-teenagers (15 patients): OL-HIV 40%, DFT/dft 5 ± 5, OHI 1.5 ± 0.5; Teenagers (10 Patients) OL-HIV 20%, DFT/dft 6.2 ± 4.8, OHI 1.9 ± 1.0. Eritematous oral candidiasis was the most prevalent finding in all the study groups. Conclusions: HIV+/AIDS long term survivors children show a high prevalence of oral lesions and dental-gingival characteristics that justified and increased in the surveillance of their oral health.