Ethical Considerations in the Genetic Study of Archaeological Human Remains

Abstract

The article explores the ethical considerations associated with the genetic study of ancient human skeletal remains in genetic, archeological, and anthropological research. Technological
advancements have made it possible to recover degraded genetic material, expanding our
understanding of human evolution, migrations, and the history of diseases. Nevertheless, these
scientific developments also raise complex ethical dilemmas, particularly regarding the handling
of human remains. In this context, the study examines the impact of molecular techniques at
every stage, including sampling, processing, genetic analysis, and the interpretation of results
with the primary aim of reflecting on the ethical and social implications of their application. The
main objective is to propose guidelines that promote responsible scientific practices in
paleogenomics. These guidelines encompass the collection, custody, handling, and analysis of
ancient DNA recovered from skeletal remains, responsible access to genetic data, the promotion of interdisciplinary collaborations, and the proper management and disposition of available skeletal
material. The article outlines an ethical framework aimed at fostering inclusive, and responsible
research that respects biocultural heritage.

Keywords: Ancient DNA, paleogenomics, bioarchaeology, ethics, bioethics.