Experiences of analysis of the State and politics in Chile

Abstract

The author engages in a Gramscian analysis of the State and the politics of Chile that are critical to“government-centered” and “economic-centered” analysis. The evaluation begins with René ZavaletaMercado’s concept of Constitutive Moment, which helps us find out when actually Chile became amodern State and when this country reached the so called “social optimum” at the State and societylevels during the XIX Century. Later, Moulian and Lechner’s works help us understand the reductionist“government-centered” analysis of the State, which was used during the second half of the XX Century. After that, we will touch basis with Enzo Falleto’s work on capitalist modernization andcultural issues of the 1980s. And lastly, we will close with Carlos Ruiz and Jaime Massardo’s writingson the transitional period of democracy during the 1990.